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Published on: March 27, 2018
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Returning to kidney development to deliver synthetic kidneys
1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Flemington Rd, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, The University of Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Developmental Biology
|December 17, 2020
Summary
Developing transplantable synthetic kidneys offers hope for chronic kidney disease patients. Current stem cell-derived kidney tissues show promise but require further development for scale, complexity, and function.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Engineering
- Developmental Biology
- Regenerative Medicine
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease affects millions globally, necessitating innovative treatments.
- Stem cell-based kidney tissue generation has advanced significantly in recent years.
- Current models face limitations in scale, cellular complexity, and functional maturity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review developmental biology insights into kidney formation.
- To assess how developmental biology has guided current synthetic kidney research.
- To explore future directions integrating engineering and developmental biology for synthetic kidney creation.
Main Methods:
- Review of developmental biology principles of mammalian kidney embryogenesis.
- Analysis of current stem cell-based kidney tissue engineering strategies.
- Identification of limitations in existing human kidney models.
Main Results:
- Developmental biology has informed current progress but existing models lack key features.
- Current models exhibit limited nephrogenesis, corticomedullary definition, vasculature, and filtrate excretion.
- Significant challenges remain in achieving scale, cellular complexity, and functional maturity.
Conclusions:
- Further integration of developmental biology and engineering is crucial for synthetic kidney development.
- Addressing limitations in current models is essential for clinical translation.
- Achieving a fully functional, transplantable synthetic kidney requires overcoming substantial hurdles.
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