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Visual and Anatomic Outcomes of Premacular Hemorrhage in Non-Accidental Trauma Infants Managed With Observation or
Background And Objective:
The management of premacular hemorrhage secondary to non-accidental trauma (NAT) is unclear. The authors describe the outcomes of NAT infants referred for surgical evaluation of premacular hemorrhage.
Patients And Methods:
Retrospective institutional review board-approved case series between 2000 and 2019 of vision-threatening premacular hemorrhage (sub-hyaloid or sub-internal limiting membrane hemorrhage without vitreous hemorrhage) in NAT infants. Time to hemorrhage resolution, vision, and comorbidities were collected.
Results:
Thirty-six patients (62 eyes) with mean age of 5.4 months (range: 2-10 months) were included. Nine eyes (14.5%) underwent vitrectomy. Median time to hemorrhage resolution by observation was 75 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 60-120 days), and time to vitrectomy was 54.5 days (IQR: 47.8-58.5 days). Eight eyes (12.9%) had amblyopia, which was not significantly different between groups. Despite hemorrhage clearance, a higher proportion of eyes in the vitrectomy group had pigmentary changes (P = .04) and strabismus (P = .002) at follow-up.
Conclusions:
Most cases of NAT-related premacular hemorrhage resolve within 3 months without surgical intervention. Comorbidities may limit visual prognosis. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:715-722.].
