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Consistent Hand Dynamics Are Achieved by Controlling Variabilities Among Joint Movements During Fastball Pitching.
Tomoyuki Matsuo1, Tsutomu Jinji2, Daisaku Hirayama3
1Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan.
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living
|December 21, 2020
Summary
Baseball pitchers use joint covariation to stabilize hand movements. The lower extremity plays a key role in effectively utilizing this covariation for a stable throwing motion.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics
- Motor Control
- Sports Science
Background:
- Joint angle covariation is crucial for stabilizing movements.
- Understanding the role of upper and lower extremities in stabilizing hand orientation during pitching is important.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the utilization of joint covariations for stabilizing hand orientation and movement in baseball pitching.
- To determine whether the upper or lower extremities are more effective in using joint covariations.
Main Methods:
- Measured joint angles of 12 skilled baseball pitchers using motion capture.
- Reconstructed pitching motions with intact and artificially disrupted joint angle covariations.
- Compared standard deviations of hand orientation and movement direction across conditions.
Main Results:
- Intact covariation resulted in the most stable hand movements.
- Disrupting covariation increased hand movement variability.
- The lower extremity demonstrated effective use of covariation, showing greater stability than the upper extremity in some conditions.
Conclusions:
- Joint covariation is essential for stabilizing hand orientation and movement during pitching.
- The lower extremity effectively utilizes joint covariation, contributing significantly to stability.
- Optimizing throwing stability requires not only reducing individual joint variability but also coordinating joint movements.
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