Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

49.4K
Overview
49.4K
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

679
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
679
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

587
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
587
Cancer Vaccines01:30

Cancer Vaccines

630
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
630
Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

333
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
333
Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

7.0K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
7.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Protection Against Recurrent Typhoid Fever Conferred by a Prior Episode: Evidence from a Large Cohort Study in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026
Same author

The immune system of preterm infants: an overview.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

"Building the boat while sailing" - adapting towards telementoring literacy.

BMC medical education·2026
Same author

Predicting trajectories of illness using RNA velocity of whole blood.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Phase II multicentre double-blind randomised controlled trial of a Bivalent VaccInation against <i>Salmonella</i> Typhi and Paratyphi A (BiVISTA) using a controlled human infection model of paratyphoid A infection: study protocol.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

A vaccine emergency-when to overrule parental refusal of vaccination at birth for prevention of vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus?

Archives of disease in childhood·2025
Same journal

A guide to CAR T cell therapies: development, current status and future prospects.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
Same journal

Macrophages in embryonic development.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
Same journal

Glycolytic capacity instructs tumour vasculature and response to immunotherapy.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
Same journal

Vaginal NK cells limit epithelial barrier disruption during infection.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
Same journal

New insights into progenitor exhausted T cell populations.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
Same journal

T cell engagers in autoimmune diseases.

Nature reviews. Immunology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors
09:16

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

Published on: October 30, 2016

11.6K

A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments.

Andrew J Pollard1,2, Else M Bijker3,4

  • 1Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. andrew.pollard@paediatrics.ox.ac.uk.

Nature Reviews. Immunology
|December 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Immunization is vital for public health and child health. New technologies and challenges in vaccine development highlight the critical need for immunologists to design next-generation vaccines against difficult pathogens.

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
08:52

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

11.0K
Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection
09:25

Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection

Published on: May 24, 2020

5.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 24, 2025

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors
09:16

A Simple and Efficient Approach to Construct Mutant Vaccinia Virus Vectors

Published on: October 30, 2016

11.6K
Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
08:52

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

11.0K
Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection
09:25

Rapid, Seamless Generation of Recombinant Poxviruses using Host Range and Visual Selection

Published on: May 24, 2020

5.5K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Public Health

Background:

  • Immunization is a cost-effective public health strategy, particularly for child health.
  • Current vaccines are largely empirical; developing new ones requires understanding protective immunity.
  • Challenges include targeting difficult pathogens and protecting older populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of vaccines and immunization.
  • To inform a broad scientific audience on immunological concepts related to vaccines.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article.
  • It synthesizes existing knowledge on vaccines, immunization, and immunology.

Main Results:

  • Most current vaccines were developed empirically.
  • There is a need for better understanding of protective immunity for new vaccine development.
  • New technologies offer opportunities for next-generation immunogens.

Conclusions:

  • Immunologists play a crucial role in addressing future vaccine challenges.
  • Developing vaccines for difficult pathogens and protecting vulnerable populations are key areas.
  • The current landscape is ideal for advancing vaccine design through immunological insights.