Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

9.0K
A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
9.0K
Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry

8.7K
A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a...
8.7K
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

209
Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...
209
Gauss's Law01:07

Gauss's Law

8.9K
If a closed surface does not have any charge inside where an electric field line can terminate, then the electric field line entering the surface at one point must necessarily exit at some other point of the surface. Therefore, if a closed surface does not have any charges inside the enclosed volume, then the electric flux through the surface is zero. What happens to the electric flux if there are some charges inside the enclosed volume? Gauss's law gives a quantitative answer to this question.
8.9K
Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

8.9K
A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
8.9K
Equipotential Surfaces and Field Lines01:29

Equipotential Surfaces and Field Lines

4.5K
Electric potential can be pictorially represented as a three-dimensional surface. On such a surface, the electric potential is constant everywhere. The equipotential surface is always perpendicular to the electric field lines, and while it is three-dimensional, it can be treated as an equipotential line in a two-dimensional case. These equipotential lines are also always perpendicular to electric field lines. The term equipotential is often used as a noun, referring to an equipotential line or...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Biomimetic 3D-Printed <i>Salvinia molesta</i> Surfaces for Geometry-Driven Wetting Control.

ACS applied materials & interfaces·2026
Same author

Multi-Functional Polydopamine-Mucin Hollow Particles Provide Tunable Shell Permeability, ROS Scavenging, Tissue Adhesion, and Lubricity for Biomedical Applications.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

α-Methoxy Benzaldehyde Based Photopolymers as a Promising Toolbox for Architected Carbon.

Macromolecular rapid communications·2025
Same author

Low-loss hybrid germanium-on-zinc selenide waveguides in the longwave infrared.

Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany)·2024
Same author

Sub-ppm Methane Detection with Mid-Infrared Slot Waveguides.

ACS photonics·2023
Same author

Polarization-driven reversible actuation in a photo-responsive polymer composite.

Nature communications·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 24, 2025

Indoor Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency and Irradiance Spot of the Achromatic Doublet on Glass ADG Fresnel Lens for Concentrating Photovoltaics
09:00

Indoor Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency and Irradiance Spot of the Achromatic Doublet on Glass ADG Fresnel Lens for Concentrating Photovoltaics

Published on: October 27, 2017

9.1K

Beyond the 2D limit: étendue-squeezing line-focus solar concentrators.

Håkon J D Johnsen, Astrid Aksnes, Jan Torgersen

    Optics Letters
    |December 28, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers developed new line-focus solar concentrators using étendue squeezing, surpassing the 2D limit. These advanced solar concentrators achieve higher concentration ratios for efficient solar power generation.

    Area of Science:

    • Solar energy
    • Optical engineering
    • Thermodynamics

    Background:

    • Line-focus solar concentrators are typically 2D designs extruded into 3D, limiting concentration ratios in air to 212×.
    • This 2D limit is significantly lower than the 45000× achievable with 3D solar concentrators.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To conceptually demonstrate the possibility of designing line-focus solar concentrators that exceed the conventional 2D concentration limit.
    • To achieve high concentration ratios and acceptance angles for line-focus systems suitable for tubular receivers.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing the principle of étendue squeezing to overcome the inherent limitations of 2D designs.
    • Simulating two distinct line-focus solar concentrator designs based on étendue squeezing.

    More Related Videos

    Fabrication of High Contrast Gratings for the Spectrum Splitting Dispersive Element in a Concentrated Photovoltaic System
    12:08

    Fabrication of High Contrast Gratings for the Spectrum Splitting Dispersive Element in a Concentrated Photovoltaic System

    Published on: July 18, 2015

    11.0K
    In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
    06:49

    In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

    Published on: March 2, 2021

    6.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Nov 24, 2025

    Indoor Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency and Irradiance Spot of the Achromatic Doublet on Glass ADG Fresnel Lens for Concentrating Photovoltaics
    09:00

    Indoor Experimental Assessment of the Efficiency and Irradiance Spot of the Achromatic Doublet on Glass ADG Fresnel Lens for Concentrating Photovoltaics

    Published on: October 27, 2017

    9.1K
    Fabrication of High Contrast Gratings for the Spectrum Splitting Dispersive Element in a Concentrated Photovoltaic System
    12:08

    Fabrication of High Contrast Gratings for the Spectrum Splitting Dispersive Element in a Concentrated Photovoltaic System

    Published on: July 18, 2015

    11.0K
    In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
    06:49

    In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

    Published on: March 2, 2021

    6.5K

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated line-focus solar concentrators achieving simulated concentration ratios of 75× and 218×.
    • Achieved a ±1° acceptance angle, significantly outperforming the 2D limit of 57× at this angle.

    Conclusions:

    • Étendue-squeezing offers a pathway to develop advanced line-focus solar concentrators beyond the 2D limit.
    • These concentrators, coupled with tracking advancements, could drive a new generation of concentrated solar power systems.