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Terahertz Frequency Combs Exploiting an On-Chip, Solution-Processed, Graphene-Quantum Cascade Laser Coupled-Cavity.

Francesco P Mezzapesa1, Katia Garrasi1, Johannes Schmidt1

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Summary

Engineered terahertz (THz) frequency comb synthesizers (FCSs) using quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) and graphene absorbers achieve high power and broad mode operation. This breakthrough enables advanced applications in spectroscopy and quantum metrology.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Quantum Electronics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Terahertz (THz) quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are crucial for miniaturized optical frequency-comb-synthesizers (FCSs).
  • Current THz QCLs offer limited dynamic range for stable comb operation due to reliance on four-wave mixing for dispersion compensation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer miniaturized THz FCSs with enhanced power and operational range.
  • To overcome limitations of four-wave mixing in THz QCLs for broader comb generation.
  • To enable new applications in tunable broadband spectroscopy and quantum metrology.

Main Methods:

  • Integration of a heterogeneous THz QCL with an on-chip, solution-processed graphene saturable-absorber reflector.
  • Preservation of phase-coherence between lasing modes using the graphene absorber.
  • Engineering of QCLs for ultrabroad gain spectra and dispersion compensation.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a high-power (8 mW) THz FCS with over 90 optical modes.
  • Extended the stable comb operation range to 55% of the laser's operational range.
  • Demonstrated stable injection-locking capabilities.

Conclusions:

  • The developed graphene-integrated THz FCS overcomes previous dynamic range limitations.
  • This technology paves the way for high-precision tunable broadband spectroscopy.
  • Enables advancements in quantum metrology and other far-infrared applications.