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Related Concept Videos

Colloids03:22

Colloids

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention01:05

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Stability Enhancement and GI Retention

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Body:Improving a drug's stability in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is paramount for enhancing its bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness. Various strategies are employed to protect the drug from the harsh gastric milieu and to ensure its release and absorption at the desired site within the GI tract.Polymer coatings are one such method used to shield drugs from the stomach's acidic environment. By preventing premature drug release, these coatings improve the bioavailability of unstable...
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Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry01:20

Factors Affecting Dissolution: Drug Permeability, Stability and Stereochemistry

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Orally administered drugs primarily enter the systemic circulation via passive diffusion through the intestinal membranes. The drug's absorption is influenced by drug stability in the gastrointestinal GI tract, membrane permeability, the surface area available for absorption, luminal drug concentration, and residence time in the lumen. Drug permeability can be enhanced by adjusting the lipophilicity, polarity, or molecular size of the drug, promoting its passive transport across intestinal...
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Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement01:16

Bioavailability Enhancement: Drug Solubility Enhancement

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Body:Bioavailability is a critical factor in determining a drug's effectiveness. It refers to the proportion of a drug that enters the circulation when introduced into the body and is, as a result, able to have an active effect. Enhancing bioavailability is essential for drugs with poor solubility, as it can significantly impact their therapeutic efficacy. Various methods are employed to increase the solubility of drugs, thereby enhancing their bioavailability.Micronization and nanonization are...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Real-Time Force Measurement Between Emulsion Droplets During Enzymatic Breakdown
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Double Emulsions Relevant to Food Systems: Preparation, Stability, and Applications.

Gerald Muschiolik1, Eric Dickinson2

  • 1Food Innovation Consultant, D-14469, Potsdam, Germany.

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety
|December 29, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This review details recent advances in preparing food-grade double emulsions (DEs), focusing on encapsulation and release control. Key challenges include scaling up production and finding suitable emulsifiers for water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) systems.

Keywords:
emulsion stabilityencapsulation efficiencyhomogenizationmultiple emulsionsosmotic gradient

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Area of Science:

  • Food science and technology
  • Colloid and interface science

Background:

  • Double emulsions (DEs), including water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) and oil-in-water-in-oil (O/W/O), offer unique encapsulation possibilities for food ingredients.
  • Recent research has focused on improving DE preparation and stability for diverse food applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the preparation of food-relevant W/O/W and O/W/O double emulsions.
  • To critically evaluate methods for controlling encapsulation and release behavior.
  • To identify limitations hindering the widespread food application of DEs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on research from the last decade.
  • Analysis of DE preparation techniques, encapsulation efficiency, and stabilization strategies.
  • Evaluation of factors influencing inner phase droplet retention and release.

Main Results:

  • Strategies for controlling encapsulation and release include interfacial modification, Pickering stabilization, and biopolymer gelation.
  • Protein-polysaccharide interactions play a significant role in stabilizing DEs.
  • DEs can be incorporated into dried microcapsules and their stability during digestion is a consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in preparing and controlling food-relevant DEs.
  • Barriers to full realization include the need for large-scale, non-destructive emulsification equipment and a wider range of food-grade emulsifiers.
  • Further research is needed to overcome these challenges for successful food industry adoption.