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Impact of Vertical Stiffness Gradient on the Maximum Divergence Angle.
Charles Farbos de Luzan1, Alexandra Maddox2, Liran Oren1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.
The Laryngoscope
|December 31, 2020
Summary
Reducing the vertical stiffness gradient in vocal folds significantly decreases the maximum divergence angle during closing. This finding impacts vocal fold dynamics and acoustic efficiency.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanics of vocal fold vibration
- Vocal fold tissue properties
- Acoustic analysis of voice production
Background:
- Vocal fold vibration involves complex geometric changes, including divergence during closing.
- The vertical stiffness gradient (VSG) influences vocal fold closing dynamics and acoustic output.
- Increased closing speed, linked to greater divergence, enhances vocal intensity and efficiency.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between the vertical stiffness gradient (VSG) and the maximum vocal fold divergence angle.
- To test the hypothesis that reducing the VSG will decrease the maximum divergence angle.
Main Methods:
- Excised canine larynges were used for indentation testing to measure stress-strain properties.
- Calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) crystals were injected to alter the VSG.
- Particle imaging velocimetry (PIV) analyzed intraglottal airflow patterns.
Main Results:
- CaHA injection successfully reduced the inferior-superior stiffness gradient in all tested larynges.
- A marked reduction in the maximal divergence angle was observed post-injection.
- In some instances, the vocal folds exhibited no divergent angle after stiffness modification.
Conclusions:
- A significant reduction in the vertical stiffness gradient substantially decreases the maximum vocal fold divergence angle.
- These findings have potential clinical implications for voice disorders related to vocal fold mechanics.
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