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Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: February 23, 2014
Predictors of mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease: a meta-analysis
Tuna Demirdal1, Pinar Sen1, Busra Emir2
1Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir Katip Celebi University Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.
Objectives:
To assess risk factors for mortality in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).
Methods:
We conducted a systemic literature search in January 2019. The main outcome measure included death within 30 days after diagnosis of IPD. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42019120189).
Results:
After reviewing 2514 potentially relevant records, remaining 190 articles were included in the analysis. A total of 228,782 IPD patients were identified and the mortality rate was 17.2% in the included articles. No significant evidence of publication bias was found according to the funnel plot and Egger's test (t = 1.464, p = 0.145). Male sex, older age, alcohol abuse, previous tuberculosis, meningitis, hospital acquired infections, multilobar infiltrate or effusion, Pitt bacteremia score≥4, Pneumonia Severity Index≥4, clinical conditions requiring intensive care, underlying clinical conditions, disease caused by serotypes 3, 6B, 9 N, 10A, 11A, 16 F, 17 F, 19, 19 F, 22 F, 23A, 23 F, 31 and 35 F, previous antibiotic use, inappropriate initial antibiotic therapy, penicillin resistance, and vancomycin use during the course of treatment were predicators of 30-day mortality.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis highlights important risk factors for IPD-related mortality, many of which may be targeted through preventive measures.
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