CONVERSION THERAPY BANS IN NATIONAL LEGISLATIONS AROUND THE GLOBE

The article summarizes the data on the number of conversion therapy legal bans aimed at changing sexual orientation and gender identity in countries around the globe; the content and the form of such prohibitions, the scope of their action by territorial criterion and the nature of the prohibition itself are analyzed; the draft laws, which are intended to legalize such bans in the national and territorial regime are studied; the thematic case law of individual countries is partly examined; countries where conversion therapy is promoted and explicitly authorized by public authorities are considered. According to the results of the study of more than half a hundred legal documents, the information obtained is distributed and organized into the following categories: national and regional prohibition of conversion therapy, direct and non-direct prohibition of conversion therapy; ban in different parts of the world. The content highlights the characteristics of the existing prohibitions, such as the name of the delict; year of entry into force of the relevant legal act; prohibition of sexual orientation and/or gender identity activities; the circle of persons subjected to the prohibition; the circle of persons protected by the prohibition; peculiarities. The results of the study showed that there are currently 15 countries in the world (14 United Nations and 1 outside the United Nations) where conversion therapy is prohibited. Among them: 5 countries have direct nationwide bans; 6 countries have non-direct nationwide bans; 3 countries have direct regional bans; 1 country has an non-direct regional ban. Conversion therapy is prohibited in 6 countries in the Americas; 1 Asian country; 4 European countries; 4 Oceania countries.