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Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Hyperpolarized 13C Metabolic Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging
Published on: December 30, 2016
Imaging Sequences for Hyperpolarized Solids
Xudong Lv1, Jeffrey Walton2, Emanuel Druga1
1Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Abstract:
Hyperpolarization is one of the approaches to enhance Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) signal by increasing the population difference between the nuclear spin states. Imaging hyperpolarized solids opens up extensive possibilities, yet is challenging to perform. The highly populated state is normally not replenishable to the initial polarization level by spin-lattice relaxation, which regular MRI sequences rely on. This makes it necessary to carefully "budget" the polarization to optimize the image quality. In this paper, we present a theoretical framework to address such challenge under the assumption of either variable flip angles or a constant flip angle. In addition, we analyze the gradient arrangement to perform fast imaging to overcome intrinsic short decoherence in solids. Hyperpolarized diamonds imaging is demonstrated as a prototypical platform to test the theory.
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