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Environmental biomonitoring by snails.

Varun Dhiman1, Deepak Pant2

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamsala, India.

Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals
|January 7, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Snails serve as effective bio-indicators, detecting environmental pollutants through physiological changes. Their use in biomonitoring offers an eco-friendly approach to environmental assessment and early warning.

Keywords:
BiomarkersBiomonitoringClimate changeHeat shock proteinMetallothioneinsOcean acidification

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Biomonitoring

Background:

  • Bio-indicator systems are crucial for global pollutant monitoring.
  • Snails exhibit responsive behaviors to environmental changes and pollutants.
  • Pollutants impact snail physiology, reproduction, and mortality, serving as biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the biomonitoring and biosensing potential of various snail species.
  • To review the expression of biomarkers in snails for pollution detection.
  • To assess the value of snails in environmental pollution monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles from PubMed and Google Scholar.
  • Analysis of studies on snail biomonitoring and biosensing capabilities.
  • Examination of reported outcomes on pollution detection by snails.

Main Results:

  • Numerous terrestrial, freshwater, and marine snail species show high biomonitoring potential.
  • In-vivo biomarkers like heat shock proteins and metallothioneins are key indicators.
  • Snails can detect a wide range of pollutants including heavy metals and organic compounds.

Conclusions:

  • Snails provide an environmentally friendly method for bio-monitoring.
  • Physiological, biochemical, genetic, and histological biomarkers in snails are vital.
  • Snails are critical tools for early warning of environmental pollution.