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The Terroir Concept Interpreted through Grape Berry Metabolomics and Transcriptomics
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Multi-seasonal water-stress memory versus temperature-driven dynamic structural changes in grapevine.

Ilana Shtein1, Shunamit Wolberg1,2, Sarel Munitz3

  • 1Department of Agriculture and Oenology, Eastern Region Research and Development Center, Ariel 40700, Israel.

Tree Physiology
|January 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Grapevine petioles adapt to temperature changes, not water stress, within a season. Previous water stress influences early-season petiole structure, indicating a perennial memory effect.

Keywords:
Vitis viniferaanatomygeneralized additive modelgrapevineligninpetiolesphysiologystomatal conductancestress memorytemperaturewater stressxylem

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Area of Science:

  • Plant physiology
  • Plant anatomy
  • Climate change adaptation

Background:

  • Perennial plants exhibit complex adaptations to environmental changes.
  • Understanding the interplay between water stress and temperature on plant structure and function is crucial.
  • Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. 'Cabernet Sauvignon') petioles offer insights into current plant status due to continuous growth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To differentiate intra-seasonal temperature effects from perennial/annual water stress effects on grapevine petioles.
  • To investigate the influence of water availability and temperature on petiole structure and function.
  • To model the impact of meteorological parameters on evapotranspiration.

Main Methods:

  • Field study with multi-annual irrigation treatments (severe, mild, non-stressed) and greenhouse study with controlled temperature regimes (22, 28, 34 °C).
  • Measurement of physiological and functional anatomy parameters in grapevine petioles.
  • Application of a generalized additive model (GAM) to analyze meteorological and lysimeter data for evapotranspiration (ETc) drivers.

Main Results:

  • Early-season severe water stress induced structural changes in petioles, independent of stem water potential (SWP).
  • Throughout the season, temperature increasingly drove petiole structural changes, overriding water status effects.
  • Stomatal conductance (gs) was temperature-dependent, while ETc was primarily driven by temperature, according to the GAM analysis.

Conclusions:

  • Grapevine petioles exhibit a perennial water-stress memory, affecting early-season structure.
  • Intra-seasonally, petiole structure is primarily influenced by temperature, not water status.
  • Climate change-induced temperature increases may disrupt plant performance independently of water availability.