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Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Microfluidic Bioprinting for Engineering Vascularized Tissues and Organoids
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Valve-based consecutive bioprinting method for multimaterial tissue-like constructs with controllable interfaces.

Heran Wang1,2,3, Kai Guo1,2, Liming Zhang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, People's Republic of China.

Biofabrication
|January 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new valve-based consecutive bioprinting (VCB) method precisely assembles multiple materials for tissue manufacturing. This advanced bioprinting technique enhances mechanical strength and printing efficiency, overcoming limitations of previous multi-printhead methods.

Keywords:
bioprintingmaterial interfacemultimaterial constructprinting efficiencyvascularized tissue

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Area of Science:

  • Bioprinting and tissue engineering
  • Materials science in biofabrication
  • Regenerative medicine

Background:

  • Precise assembly of multiple materials is a critical challenge in tissue manufacturing via bioprinting.
  • Existing extrusion-based multi-printhead bioprinting (MPB) methods suffer from inefficient printhead switching, leading to motion time loss and material interface defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and validate a novel valve-based consecutive bioprinting (VCB) method for improved tissue manufacturing.
  • To address the limitations of MPB by enabling precise, seamless multi-material assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a VCB method featuring an integrated switching printhead with a rotary valve and a voxelated digital model.
  • Investigating coordinated control of valve rotation and pressure adjustment for seamless material switching.
  • Quantitative and comprehensive comparison of VCB and MPB methods.

Main Results:

  • The VCB method demonstrated superior mechanical strength, with a 44.37% increase in maximum tensile deformation compared to MPB.
  • Printing efficiency was significantly improved, with a 29.48% increase in the effective time ratio using VCB.
  • Fabrication of a muscle-like tissue with a vascular tree and suture interface using VCB, successfully cultured for 5 days.

Conclusions:

  • The VCB method effectively resolves issues of inefficient motion and material interface defects inherent in MPB.
  • VCB enables controllable, complex multi-material interfaces crucial for fabricating heterogeneous tissues.
  • This technology is suitable for creating advanced tissue constructs with intricate structures and cell integration.