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The Thyroid Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...

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Cystic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Darwin Totesora¹, Ma Theresa Chua-Agcaoili¹

¹Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Medical City, Pasig City, Philippines.

Journal of the ASEAN Federation of Endocrine Societies

|January 14, 2021

Summary

Cystic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is rare, but its malignant potential should not be underestimated. This case highlights the importance of considering malignancy in thyroid cysts, even when rare.

Keywords:

HBME-1 cystic papillary thyroid carcinoma papillary thyroid carcinoma

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Pathology

Background:

Cystic presentation of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (PTC) is uncommon, occurring in less than 10% of cases.
Thyroid cysts generally have a low malignancy risk (<5%), making cystic PTC a diagnostic challenge.

Observation:

A 45-year-old male presented with an incidentally discovered palpable thyroid mass.
The patient had no significant predisposing history for thyroid cancer.
Thyroidectomy revealed papillary thyroid cancer, confirmed by immunohistochemical staining.

Findings:

The case highlights that cystic nodules can represent PTC, despite low statistical probability.
Immunohistochemical stains, such as HBME-1, are valuable for diagnosing PTC with histologic uncertainty.
Post-treatment scans showed no evidence of radioiodine uptake outside the thyroid bed.

Implications:

The study emphasizes the importance of considering malignancy in cystic thyroid nodules, even when rare.
Diagnostic confirmation may involve specialized stains for unusual PTC presentations.
Management and follow-up for cystic PTC align with standard protocols for solid PTC.