Wolf Delisting Challenges Demonstrate Need for an Improved Framework for Conserving Intraspecific Variation under the...

Area of Science:

• Conservation biology
• Genomics
• Evolutionary biology

Background:

• Genomic advances reveal geographic variation is key for species adaptation.
• The US government proposes delisting the gray wolf based on a narrow interpretation of the Endangered Species Act (ESA).
• This interpretation claims a single secure population justifies species recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To rebut the narrow interpretation of the ESA regarding species recovery.
• To propose a framework for conserving adaptive potential in species.
• To enhance the ESA's effectiveness in biodiversity conservation.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of current agency practices in defining subspecific recovery units.
• Reconciliation of legal definitions within the ESA's "distinct population segment" and "significant portion of range" clauses.
• Development of a policy framework for adaptive potential conservation.

Main Results:

• The current interpretation of the ESA is insufficient for long-term species survival.
• A framework is proposed that integrates genetic diversity and geographic range into recovery plans.
• The proposed framework strengthens biodiversity protection against climate change.

Conclusions:

• The ESA must consider the full geographic range and adaptive potential of species for effective conservation.
• Protecting intraspecific variation is vital for species resilience to environmental change.
• A coordinated policy approach is needed to prevent biodiversity loss.