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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

3.6K
Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

3.0K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
3.0K
Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs01:25

Antiasthma Drugs: Mast Cell Stabilizers and Anti-IgE Drugs

1.5K
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
Mast cell stabilizers, such as cromolyn (also known as sodium cromoglycate) and nedocromil (Tilade), are effective drugs in asthma management. These stabilizers hinder histamine release by skillfully obstructing the activation of mast cells and other cellular entities. Notably, they navigate this task without...
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

2.8K
The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
2.8K
Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers01:19

Antiasthma Drugs: Leukotriene Modifiers

1.5K
Leukotriene modifiers, or cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, are medications used to manage chronic asthma. These agents target specific inflammatory mediators produced during arachidonic acid metabolism, an essential process in generating inflammation in the body.
Leukotriene modifiers work through two distinct mechanisms:
1.5K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 21, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis
03:23

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Pathophysiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

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Eosinophils and childhood asthma.

Bong Seok Choi1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
|January 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Eosinophils are key players in asthma, driving allergic and parasitic responses. New biologic therapies targeting interleukin-5 offer advanced treatment options for severe eosinophilic asthma.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Eosinophils, granulocytes with cytoplasmic eosinophilic granules, are crucial in allergic and parasitic diseases.
  • Their role in asthma pathogenesis is significant, particularly in allergic eosinophilic asthma where they function as effector and antigen-presenting cells.
  • In nonallergic eosinophilic asthma, type 2 innate lymphoid cells activate eosinophils.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifaceted role of eosinophils in asthma.
  • To review diagnostic methods for eosinophilic inflammation in asthma.
  • To discuss current and future therapeutic strategies targeting eosinophils in severe asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Direct methods: bronchial biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, induced sputum.
Keywords:
Anti-IL-5AsthmaChildEosinophilPathogenesis

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  • Indirect markers: blood eosinophil counts, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide, serum periostin levels.
  • Evaluation of anti-interleukin-5 therapies (mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab).

    • Main Results:

    • Eosinophils are central to asthma pathogenesis, acting as effector and antigen-presenting cells.
    • Direct diagnostic methods are more accurate but less practical than indirect markers.
    • Anti-interleukin-5 biologics represent a significant advancement in treating severe eosinophilic asthma.

    Conclusions:

    • Eosinophils are critical in asthma, with distinct roles in allergic and nonallergic subtypes.
    • Accurate diagnosis of eosinophilic inflammation balances method sensitivity and practicality.
    • Targeted therapies like anti-interleukin-5 agents have transformed severe asthma management, with further research anticipated.