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Does tissue imprinting restrict macrophage plasticity?

Martin Guilliams1,2, Freya R Svedberg3,4

  • 1Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB Center for Inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium. martin.guilliams@ugent.vib.be.

Nature Immunology
|January 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Resident macrophages exhibit limited plasticity due to prolonged tissue residency, challenging the traditional view. This restricted plasticity, particularly in inflammation-imprinted cells, may safeguard tissue homeostasis and offer therapeutic reset opportunities.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Macrophages are traditionally viewed as highly plastic immune cells.
  • Recent advances in cell biology challenge this long-held dogma.
  • Understanding macrophage plasticity is crucial for tissue homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reassess the concept of macrophage plasticity in light of new evidence.
  • To investigate the plasticity of different macrophage subsets in pulmonary insults.
  • To propose a revised model of macrophage plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Fate mapping studies
  • Single-cell transcriptomics
  • Epigenetic analyses
  • Dissection of macrophage subset responses to pulmonary insults

Main Results:

  • Prolonged tissue residency significantly reduces macrophage plasticity.
  • Recruited monocytes display greater plasticity than resident macrophages.
  • Inflammation and niche interactions imprint recruited monocytes, creating inflammation-imprinted resident macrophages.
  • Rewired niche circuits may sustain the inflammatory state of these imprinted macrophages.

Conclusions:

  • The plasticity of macrophages is more restricted than previously thought, especially for resident populations.
  • Restricted plasticity in resident macrophages likely evolved to maintain tissue homeostasis.
  • A revised plasticity model, considering dual imprinting, offers new avenues for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory conditions.