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Related Experiment Videos

Cyanide toxicity in burned patients.

S H Silverman1, G F Purdue, J L Hunt

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Texas (Southwestern Medical School) Health Science Center, Dallas 75235.

The Journal of Trauma
|February 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

Cyanide (CN) toxicity is a significant factor in severe smoke inhalation injuries. Elevated CN levels were frequently observed, and cyanide poisoning contributed to fatalities, sometimes as the primary toxicant.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Cyanide (CN) poisoning is a known risk in smoke inhalation injuries.
  • The role of cyanide and its metabolic product, thiocyanate, in patient outcomes requires further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate serum cyanide (CN), thiocyanate, and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels in patients with suspected smoke inhalation injury.
  • To determine the contribution of cyanide toxicity to mortality in burn victims.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective evaluation of 144 patients with suspected smoke inhalation.
  • Analysis of serum cyanide, thiocyanate, and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels.
  • Study of victims deceased following fatal burn injuries.

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Main Results:

  • Eight of 12 patients with lethal CN levels (>1.0 mg/L) died, all with sublethal COHb.
  • Lethal CN levels were found in 12/14 victims with lethal COHb and 14/20 victims with sublethal COHb.
  • Elevated CN levels were frequent in smoke inhalation patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cyanide toxicity frequently accompanies smoke inhalation injuries and contributes to severe outcomes.
  • Cyanide poisoning can be the primary toxicant in some cases of smoke inhalation.
  • Monitoring CN levels is crucial for managing severe smoke inhalation injuries.