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Linking Genes to Traits in Fungi.

A L Romero-Olivares1,2, E W Morrison3, A Pringle4

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Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Ecology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Fungi are crucial for terrestrial ecosystem functioning, mediating nitrogen and carbon cycles.
  • Understanding fungal nitrogen uptake and decomposition mechanisms is key to ecosystem processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between fungal genes and ecological traits.
  • To explore how gene frequencies predict fungal responses to environmental changes.
  • To provide a framework for analyzing fungal gene-trait data.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed gene frequencies for nitrogen uptake and organic matter decomposition in 879 fungal genomes.
  • Grouped fungal taxa into trait-based categories.
  • Utilized a linked gene-trait data approach.

Main Results:

  • Gene frequencies for specific enzymes varied significantly across and within fungal trait-based groups.
  • Fungal groups with high nitrogen uptake gene frequencies were more abundant under high soil nitrogen enrichment.
  • Ectomycorrhizal fungi showed similar gene frequencies to brown rot fungi, suggesting shared evolutionary pathways.

Conclusions:

  • The gene-trait data approach offers mechanistic insights into fungal ecological roles and evolutionary trajectories.
  • This framework can predict fungal responses to environmental stress, such as nitrogen enrichment.
  • Fungal gene-trait analysis illuminates potential evolutionary relationships between different fungal lifestyles.