Management and Treatment of Pressure Ulcers: Clinical Experience

Pressure ulcers are a common healthcare problem, particularly among hospitalized patients who need long-term treatment; however, preventive medicine can reduce the prevalence. A multidisciplinary approach is fundamental to providing proper care, and the general health status and cooperation of the patient determine treatment modalities. Simple methods can prevent pressure ulcers and their recurrence. The aim of this study was to share clinical experience and evaluate the approach and treatment modalities used for pressure ulcers.

Fifty-two patients hospitalized with the indication of pressure ulcers were evaluated retrospectively. Age, sex, localization of the decubitus ulcer, treatment method, comorbid diseases, and any postoperative complications were analyzed.

Thirty-five patients were male and 17 were female. The mean age was 50.3 years. The most common accompanying disease was diabetes mellitus and the most common etiology was paraplegia. Pressure ulcers were localized on the sacral area in 45 patients, the ischial area in 23, the trochanteric area in 11 patients, and other parts of the body (scapular, lumbar) in 3 patients. Fasciocutaneous rotation flaps, myocutaneous flaps, and perforator flaps were the most used reconstruction techniques. No major complication was observed.

The most important point with regard to pressure ulcers is prevention. Healthcare system expenses can be significantly reduced by preventing the formation of decubitus ulcers. The progression of pressure ulcers can be easily controlled if the necessary care and treatment are provided in the early period. The role of the plastic surgeon in advanced stages is to perform reconstruction in appropriate cases and to educate patients and their caregivers with the aim of preventing recurrence.