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Trapeziometacarpal prostheses.

J Teissier1, P Teissier1, A Toffoli1

  • 1Orthosud, Unité de Chirurgie de la main, 15 Avenue du Professeur Grasset, 34090 Montpellier, France.

Hand Surgery & Rehabilitation
|February 4, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint prostheses offer a reliable surgical option for thumb arthritis, showing a 90% survival rate at 10 years. These implants restore strength, mobility, and correct deformities, serving as an alternative to traditional trapeziectomy.

Keywords:
ArthritisChirurgieHumbProsthesisProthèseRhizarthroseSurgery

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Hand surgery

Background:

  • The trapeziometacarpal (TMC) joint is crucial for thumb function.
  • Thumb basal joint arthritis significantly impacts quality of life.
  • Historically, trapeziectomy and silastic spacers were primary treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of TMC joint prostheses.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of TMC arthroplasty compared to trapeziectomy.
  • To assess implant survival rates and functional outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Historical review of TMC joint prosthesis development (cemented, cementless, dual mobility).
  • Analysis of implant survival rates and functional outcomes (pain relief, strength, mobility).
  • Comparison of TMC arthroplasty with trapeziectomy for thumb basal joint arthritis.

Main Results:

  • First-generation cemented prostheses (1970-1990) were followed by cementless designs (1990-2010).
  • Third-generation dual mobility prostheses emerged after 2010.
  • Current TMC arthroplasty demonstrates a 90% implant survival rate at 10 years, restoring function and correcting deformities.

Conclusions:

  • TMC arthroplasty is a reliable surgical option for thumb basal joint arthritis.
  • It offers comparable or superior outcomes to trapeziectomy, including improved thumb length and Z-deformity correction.
  • Revision surgery with trapeziectomy after failed TMC arthroplasty yields equivalent results to primary trapeziectomy.