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Titanium dental implant-related pathologies: A retrospective histopathological study
María Luisa Paparella1, Mariela Gisele Domingo1,2, Sebastián Ariel Puia3
1Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Odontología, Cátedra de Anatomía Patológica, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Oral Diseases
|February 5, 2021
Summary
Metallic particles were found in over half of titanium dental implant (TDI) associated lesions, with all cases showing inflammation. The exact role of these particles in lesion development requires further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Biomaterials science
- Histopathology
Background:
- Titanium dental implants (TDI) are widely used in restorative dentistry.
- Peri-implant pathologies associated with TDIs can range from inflammatory to neoplastic conditions.
- Understanding the histopathological characteristics and potential causative factors is crucial for patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a retrospective histopathological analysis of peri-implant tissue pathologies linked to TDIs.
- To identify and characterize metallic particles within these tissues.
- To correlate findings with available clinical and radiographic data.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 68 TDI-associated lesion cases (1990-2018).
- Histopathological examination of biopsy samples, including inflammatory infiltrate analysis.
- Detection and Energy Dispersive Spectrophotometry (EDS) analysis of metallic particles.
- Review of clinical and radiographic data.
Main Results:
- Lesions included inflammatory and neoplastic conditions.
- Metallic particles were detected in 36 cases (52.9%).
- All cases with particles exhibited inflammation; particle composition included aluminum, titanium, iron, and nickel.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of TDI-associated lesions harbor metallic particles.
- The presence of metallic particles was consistently associated with an inflammatory response.
- The etiological role of metallic particles in TDI-associated lesions remains undetermined.
