Intraoperative image guidance for endoscopic spine surgery.

Jason I Liounakos1, Gregory W Basil1, Hikari Urakawa2

  • 1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Summary

Minimally invasive endoscopic spine surgery aims for better outcomes with less disruption. Emerging technologies like navigation and robotics show promise in improving surgical precision and reducing the learning curve for surgeons.

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