Purtscher-Like Retinopathy and Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Caused by Soft Tissue Injection for Gluteal Augmentation

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pulmonology
• Cosmetic Dermatology

Background:

• Cosmetic gluteal augmentation using injectable fillers is increasingly popular.
• Systemic complications following such procedures are rare but can be severe.
• Understanding potential adverse events is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a unique case of bilateral vision loss and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.
• To investigate the association between gluteal cosmetic filler injections and these serious complications.

Main Methods:

• A case study of a 20-year-old female following gluteal augmentation with an unknown filler.
• Documented respiratory distress due to diffuse alveolar hemorrhage.
• Ophthalmological examination revealed retinal findings consistent with ischemic retinopathy.

Main Results:

• The patient experienced acute vision loss and diffuse alveolar hemorrhage within hours of the procedure.
• Ophthalmological findings included cotton wool spots, retinal hemorrhages, and macular vascular changes.
• Vision did not improve during an 8-month follow-up period.

Conclusions:

• The observed retinopathy was likely Purtscher-like, secondary to systemic inflammation or microembolization from the filler.
• This case represents the first documented instance of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage and ischemic vision loss after gluteal augmentation with dermal filler.
• The findings underscore the potential for severe systemic and ocular complications from cosmetic filler injections.