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Gluten and Autism Spectrum Disorder.
Iain D Croall1, Nigel Hoggard1, Marios Hadjivassiliou2
1Department of Infection, Immunity & Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield/INSIGENO, Sheffield S10 2JF, UK.
Nutrients
|February 12, 2021
Summary
The gluten-free diet (GFD) shows potential benefits for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) symptoms, though evidence is mixed. This review explores the link between ASD and gluten, examining diet effectiveness and research gaps.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gastroenterology
- Genetics
Background:
- Growing research links Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) with dietary interventions.
- Gluten is a key focus, with some studies suggesting a gluten-free diet (GFD) may improve ASD symptoms.
- Comorbidity exists between ASD and celiac disease, warranting further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the historical and current evidence on the relationship between ASD and gluten.
- To explore epidemiological links, potential shared pathological mechanisms, and the efficacy of the GFD in ASD.
- To address uncertainties surrounding the GFD's value for individuals with ASD.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of studies on ASD and gluten.
- Analysis of epidemiological data connecting ASD and celiac disease.
- Examination of hypotheses regarding shared biological pathways.
Main Results:
- The GFD has been reported to ameliorate behavioral and intellectual issues in some individuals with ASD.
- Epidemiological studies indicate a higher prevalence of celiac disease in individuals with ASD.
- Significant uncertainty persists among caregivers and clinicians regarding the GFD's benefits for ASD.
Conclusions:
- The interaction between ASD and gluten warrants continued research.
- Further investigation is needed to clarify the role of the GFD in managing ASD.
- Evidence synthesis is crucial to guide clinical practice and inform public understanding.
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