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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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LncRNAs and Immunity: Coding the Immune System with Noncoding Oligonucleotides.

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Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators of gene transcription in inflammation. Understanding lncRNA functions in immunity and disease is crucial for developing new therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are critical regulators of gene transcription, particularly during inflammatory responses.
  • Dysregulation of lncRNAs is observed in various human diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, allergies, asthma, and cancer.
  • lncRNAs play vital roles in immune mechanisms, influencing cell differentiation, migration, and inflammatory mediator production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the roles and functions of lncRNAs in immunity.
  • To explore the involvement of lncRNAs in immune-mediated diseases.
  • To elucidate the complex relationship between lncRNAs and the immune system.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of current research on lncRNA functions in immunity.
  • Analysis of lncRNA interactions with DNA and RNA, including cis and trans regulatory mechanisms.
  • Examination of lncRNA involvement in various immune cell processes and disease pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs regulate gene transcription and protein-protein interactions.
  • lncRNAs assemble with RNA and DNA, mediating biological effects through cis or trans interactions.
  • lncRNA dysregulation is linked to the development and progression of immune-mediated diseases.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are essential components of the immune system.
  • Further research into lncRNA functions can unravel complex immune mechanisms.
  • Understanding lncRNAs offers potential therapeutic avenues for immune-mediated diseases.