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Neurulation

Neurulation

Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...

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Updated: Nov 17, 2025

Neonatal Subventricular Zone Electroporation

Neonatal Subventricular Zone Electroporation

Published on: February 11, 2013

Neonatal Neuroblastoma.

Andrew M Davidoff¹

¹Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.

Clinics in Perinatology

|February 15, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal neuroblastoma, a rare pediatric cancer, often has a good prognosis and may require observation only. However, some cases need early chemotherapy due to unique disease patterns.

Keywords:

Hepatomegaly Neonatal Neuroblastoma Observation Regression

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Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Area of Science:

Pediatric Oncology
Neonatal Medicine
Cancer Epidemiology

Background:

Neuroblastoma is a significant pediatric cancer, comprising 8% of childhood cancers.
Neonatal neuroblastoma (diagnosed in newborns) represents 5% of these cases.
Despite its impact on childhood cancer mortality, neonatal neuroblastoma generally shows a favorable prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the epidemiology of neonatal neuroblastoma.
To discuss current and potential treatment strategies for neonatal neuroblastoma.
To outline the anticipated outcomes for infants diagnosed with neonatal neuroblastoma.

Main Methods:

This is a review article synthesizing existing literature.
Epidemiological data on neonatal neuroblastoma incidence and prevalence were analyzed.
Treatment modalities and prognostic factors were evaluated based on published studies.

Main Results:

Neonatal neuroblastoma often has a favorable prognosis, with many cases managed by observation ('watch-and-wait').
Minimizing therapeutic interventions and their associated toxicities is a key management goal.
Stage MS neuroblastoma presents unique challenges with disseminated disease, potentially necessitating early systemic chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

Neonatal neuroblastoma management requires careful risk assessment to balance observation with necessary intervention.
The 'watch-and-wait' approach is suitable for low-risk patients, minimizing treatment complications.
Advanced or disseminated forms, like stage MS, may require prompt chemotherapy for optimal outcomes.