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Chitooligosaccharides inhibit tumor progression and induce autophagy through the activation of the p53/mTOR pathway

Zhen Pan1, Dong-Dong Cheng1, Xiao-Juan Wei1

  • 1Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.

Carbohydrate Polymers
|February 17, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Chitooligosaccharide (COS) demonstrates significant anti-tumor effects against osteosarcoma cells by inhibiting growth and metastasis. This study suggests COS as a promising therapeutic candidate for osteosarcoma treatment.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma.
  • Chitooligosaccharide (COS) is an emerging drug carrier for cancer therapy.
  • The therapeutic potential of COS in osteosarcoma remains unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anti-tumor effects of Chitooligosaccharide (COS) on osteosarcoma.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of COS action in osteosarcoma.
  • To evaluate COS as a potential therapeutic candidate for osteosarcoma.

Main Methods:

  • Enzymatic hydrolysis was used to obtain low-degree-polymerized COS (DP = 2-6).
  • In vitro assays assessed COS effects on osteosarcoma cell growth, metastasis, apoptosis, and autophagy.
  • An in vivo osteosarcoma xenograft model evaluated tumor growth and metastasis inhibition.
  • COS's influence on cisplatin chemotherapy sensitivity was examined.

Main Results:

  • COS exhibited significant anti-tumor activity against osteosarcoma cells in vitro.
  • COS inhibited cell growth and metastasis, and induced apoptosis and autophagy via the p53/mTOR pathway.
  • COS administration suppressed tumor growth and metastasis in vivo.
  • COS enhanced the efficacy of cisplatin chemotherapy against osteosarcoma.

Conclusions:

  • COS possesses notable anti-tumor properties against osteosarcoma.
  • COS modulates key cellular pathways involved in cancer progression.
  • COS represents a promising novel therapeutic agent for osteosarcoma treatment.
Keywords:
AutophagyChemosensitizationChitooligosaccharideOsteosarcomap53/mTOR pathway

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