Structure-based virtual screening identifies an 8-hydroxyquinoline as a small molecule GLI1 inhibitor

Radha Charan Dash1, Jiachen Wen1, Angela M Zaino1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, 69 N. Eagleville Rd., Unit 3092, Storrs, CT 06269-3092, USA.

Insights

Researchers identified compound 1, an 8-hydroxyquinoline, as a GLI1 inhibitor. This compound targets GLI1-mediated transcription in cancer cells by inducing conformational changes, not by disrupting DNA binding, offering potential as an anti-cancer agent.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 (GLI1) is a key transcription factor regulating oncogenic pathways, including hedgehog (Hh) signaling.
  • GLI1's central role in cancer makes it a promising therapeutic target.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify small molecules that bind GLI1 and inhibit its transcriptional activity.
  • To elucidate the mechanism of GLI1 inhibition by a novel compound.

Main Methods:

  • Computational screening to identify GLI1 binders.
  • In vitro assays to assess GLI1-mediated transcriptional activity.
  • Computational analyses to determine the binding mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Compound 1, an 8-hydroxyquinoline, was identified as a high-affinity GLI1 binder.
  • Compound 1 inhibited GLI1 transcriptional activity in Hh-dependent cancer models, including medulloblastoma.
  • Mechanism of action involves inducing conformational changes in GLI1, not preventing DNA binding.

Conclusions:

  • Compound 1 is a potent inhibitor of GLI1 function.
  • The novel mechanism of action suggests potential for developing GLI1-targeted anti-cancer therapies.