Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cattell's Theory of Intelligence01:25

Cattell's Theory of Intelligence

7.6K
Raymond Cattell, along with John Horn, made significant contributions to our understanding of intelligence by distinguishing between two types: fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.
Fluid intelligence involves the capacity to solve new problems and adapt to unfamiliar situations. It's the type of intelligence individuals use when they encounter a novel problem or puzzle that requires innovative thinking. For instance, figuring out how to operate a new gadget relies heavily on...
7.6K
Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

828
Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
828
Characteristics of Fluids01:20

Characteristics of Fluids

7.2K
When a force is applied parallel to the top surface of a solid, it resists the applied force due to the internal frictional forces between the layers of the solid known as shearing resistance. However, when the force is removed, the shearing forces restore the original shape of the solid. Other deformation forces also cause temporary changes in shape if the forces are not beyond a threshold magnitude. Solids tend to retain their shape, making the study of their rest and motion easier. Beyond...
7.2K
Characteristics of Fluids01:31

Characteristics of Fluids

792
Fluids differ from solids primarily in their molecular structure and stress response. Solids have tightly packed molecules with strong intermolecular forces, maintaining their shape and resisting deformation. In contrast, fluids have molecules spaced farther apart with weaker forces, allowing them to flow and deform easily.
Fluids, which include both liquids and gases, are substances that deform continuously under shearing stress. For example, water and oil are liquids with molecules that can...
792
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

172
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
172
Reasoning01:30

Reasoning

243
Reasoning is the action of thinking about something in a logical, sensible way. It is integral to problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking. Reasoning can be inductive or deductive. Reasoning involves transforming information into conclusions, which is essential for problem-solving, decision-making, and critical thinking.
Inductive reasoning involves deriving generalizations from specific observations. This type of reasoning helps form beliefs about the world. For example,...
243

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Computational assessment of memory function in kidney transplant recipients and donors.

Communications medicine·2026
Same author

Default mode network connectivity predicts individual differences in long-term forgetting: Evidence for storage degradation, not retrieval failure.

PLoS computational biology·2025
Same author

One Size Does Not Fit All: Idiographic Computational Models Reveal Individual Differences in Learning and Meta-Learning Strategies.

Topics in cognitive science·2024
Same author

Computer programmers show distinct, expertise-dependent brain responses to violations in form and meaning when reading code.

Scientific reports·2024
Same author

Investigating local and global control mechanisms in bilingual grammatical processing.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2023
Same author

Bilingual Language Experience Shapes Resting-State Brain Rhythms.

Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)·2023
Same journal

Pronoun Resolution in Turkish: The Interplay of Referential Form, Word Order, and Implicit Causality.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

What's in a Color?: Language, Synesthesia, and Categorical Perception.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Reasoning Beyond Explicit Rules: Adults' and Children's Use of Closure Principles in Novel Cases.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Intermediary Object States Are Activated by Sentences Describing Completed Events.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Large Language Models Estimate Fine-Grained Human Color-Concept Associations.

Cognitive science·2026
Same journal

Computational Models of Causal Reasoning: Bayesian Accounts of Normative Violations.

Cognitive science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

9.0K

Individual Differences in Reward-Based Learning Predict Fluid Reasoning Abilities.

Andrea Stocco1, Chantel S Prat1, Lauren K Graham2

  • 1Department of Psychology & Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences (I-LABS), University of Washington.

Cognitive Science
|February 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluid reasoning, measured by Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM), relies on attention reallocation driven by self-generated feedback. This cognitive ability is underpinned by basal ganglia circuits involved in reward processing and cognitive control.

Keywords:
Basal gangliaCognitive architecturesComputational modelingDopamineFluid reasoningReinforcement learningReward processingfMRI

More Related Videos

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats
08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

Published on: February 15, 2015

21.3K
Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum
07:52

Investigating Motor Skill Learning Processes with a Robotic Manipulandum

Published on: February 12, 2017

9.0K
Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats
08:30

Operant Procedures for Assessing Behavioral Flexibility in Rats

Published on: February 15, 2015

21.3K
Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
08:05

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques

Published on: June 30, 2020

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology

Background:

  • Fluid reasoning, assessed via Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices (RAPM), predicts cognitive and real-world success.
  • Attention reallocation, guided by self-generated feedback, is a proposed mechanism for RAPM performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of attention reallocation and basal ganglia in fluid reasoning.
  • To test a neurocomputational model linking basal ganglia function to RAPM performance.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a neurocomputational model of the RAPM task.
  • Conducted one neuroimaging and two behavioral experiments to validate model predictions.
  • Utilized effective connectivity analysis on neuroimaging data.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed that RAPM performance depends on attention reallocation in response to feedback.
  • Neuroimaging data supported the basal ganglia's role in modulating attention.
  • Behavioral experiments validated the model's predictions.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in basal ganglia circuits, associated with reward processing, underlie fluid reasoning abilities.
  • Attention reallocation is a key neural mechanism for fluid intelligence.