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Related Concept Videos

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers01:24

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class II Agents as β-Adrenergic Blockers

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Adrenergic stimulation generally impacts cardiac rate and rhythm. Specifically, stimulation of the β-adrenoceptors triggers an increase in intracellular calcium ion influx and pacemaker currents, which may cause arrhythmias. Catecholamines like adrenaline also demonstrate β2-adrenoceptor-mediated hypokalemia, impacting cardiac action potential and disrupting the normal cardiac rhythm. Class II antiarrhythmic drugs are β-adrenoceptor antagonists or β-blockers, which...
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Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers01:12

Antiarrhythmic Drugs: Class III Agents as Potassium Channel Blockers

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Class III antiarrhythmic drugs are a group of medications that can prolong action potentials in the heart. They achieve this by blocking potassium channels or enhancing inward currents from sodium channels. However, these drugs have a unique property of "reverse use-dependence," which is most pronounced at slower heart rates and can lead to torsades de pointes—a specific type of arrhythmia. However, it is essential to note that excessive QT interval prolongation—a measure of...
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Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

700
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 16, 2025

Methods for ECG Evaluation of Indicators of Cardiac Risk, and Susceptibility to Aconitine-induced Arrhythmias in Rats Following Status Epilepticus
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Ticagrelor-Induced Syncope/Bradyarrhythmia.

VeeraPavan Kotaru1, Jagadeesh K Kalavakunta1

  • 1Cardiology, Ascension Borgess Hospital, Kalamazoo, USA.

Cureus
|February 26, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ticagrelor, an antiplatelet drug, can cause dangerous ventricular pauses and syncope in some patients. This case highlights a potential adverse effect of ticagrelor loading in acute coronary syndrome patients.

Keywords:
bradyarrhythmiasyncopeticagrelor

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ticagrelor is a widely prescribed oral antiplatelet medication for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  • It functions as a reversible, direct inhibitor of the adenosine diphosphate (ADP) P2Y12 receptor.
  • While generally well-tolerated, ticagrelor is associated with bradyarrhythmias and ventricular pauses, though the precise mechanism remains elusive.

Observation:

  • A 58-year-old Caucasian male presented with acute coronary syndrome/unstable angina.
  • The patient underwent cardiac catheterization with drug-eluting stent deployment.
  • Following ticagrelor loading, the patient experienced syncope attributed to prolonged ventricular pauses.

Findings:

  • The case report details a patient experiencing syncope due to significant ventricular pauses after initiating ticagrelor therapy.
  • This observation suggests a potential link between ticagrelor administration and the occurrence of severe bradyarrhythmic events.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of monitoring for cardiac arrhythmias in patients receiving ticagrelor, particularly after PCI.
  • Further investigation into the mechanism underlying ticagrelor-induced bradyarrhythmias is warranted.
  • Clinicians should be aware of this potential adverse effect when managing patients with acute coronary syndrome.