Update on Acrylic Resins Used in Dentistry

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biomaterials Engineering
• Dental Technology

Background:

• Acrylic resins, primarily poly(methyl methacrylate), are extensively utilized in dental prosthetics and orthodontics.
• Their long history as biomaterials in dental appliance manufacturing is well-established.
• Continuous evolution in resin technology addresses limitations and enhances performance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the properties of acrylic resins used in dentistry.
• To describe current processing methods for these materials.
• To highlight advancements in acrylic resin technology for dental applications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of acrylic resin properties and processing techniques.
• Analysis of modifications for improved mechanical and biological performance.
• Examination of new resin formulations for digital dentistry.

Main Results:

• Acrylic resin properties are enhanced through fiber reinforcement (mineral/natural), nanofillers, and surface modifications.
• Post-polymerization treatments effectively reduce residual monomer content.
• Novel acrylic resins are now available for Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and 3D printing.

Conclusions:

• Acrylic resin technology has significantly advanced, offering improved materials for dental applications.
• Modifications and new formulations cater to digital manufacturing techniques like CAD/CAM and 3D printing.
• These developments promise enhanced performance and broader applications for acrylic resins in dentistry.