A review: Epidemiology, pathogenesis and prospect in developing vaccines for novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Area of Science:

• * Virology and Epidemiology
• * Public Health and Infectious Disease Control
• * Vaccine Development and Therapeutics

Background:

• * Emergence of a novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.
• * Rapid global spread leading to a World Health Organization (WHO) declared pandemic.
• * Significant impact on global health, with millions of cases and deaths.

Purpose of the Study:

• * To review current research and advances in vaccine and therapeutic design against COVID-19.
• * To highlight the epidemiology, transmission dynamics, and control strategies for COVID-19.
• * To discuss future directions in managing infectious disease outbreaks.

Main Methods:

• * Review of ongoing scientific literature and research on COVID-19.
• * Analysis of epidemiological data and transmission patterns.
• * Examination of vaccine and therapeutic development efforts targeting the coronavirus spike (S) protein.

Main Results:

• * High transmissibility of COVID-19 through person-to-person droplet transmission.
• * Significant global health emergency status declared by WHO.
• * Ongoing efforts to develop effective vaccines and treatments, with millions of cases and deaths reported.

Conclusions:

• * The COVID-19 pandemic necessitates urgent development of vaccines and therapeutics.
• * Understanding epidemiology and transmission is crucial for effective control measures.
• * Continued research is vital for future preparedness against infectious diseases.