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Updated: Nov 16, 2025

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
Published on: August 11, 2008
Social determinants of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A scoping review and research gaps
Maisam Najafizada1, Arifur Rahman1, Quazi Taufique2
1Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3V6, Canada.
Abstract:
Tuberculosis is a prime example of a social disease that requires social, economic and environmental interventions. However, research on social determinants of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR-TB) is limited. The five-stage scoping review showed the most common association of MDR-TB with multidimensional poverty (income, nutrition, education and social support) both as a contributing factor and a consequence of it. The review also found that physical environment (inadequate housing, overcrowding, poor physical environment, and smoking), health care needs, cultural determinants (race, ethnicity and gender), comorbidities had a strong influence on the development and transmission of MDR-TB. Since, epidemiology and care for MDR-TB are greatly influenced by socioeconomic factors, social, environmental and economic actions are needed in addition to the implementation of novel diagnostic techniques and treatments.
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