[Forms of anesthesia in ophthalmology]

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Anesthesiology

Background:

• Ophthalmological procedures have seen limited changes in anesthesiological approaches over recent decades.
• Local anesthesia is increasingly favored for ophthalmic surgeries, driven by minimally invasive techniques and economic pressures.
• The rise of outpatient ophthalmic surgery necessitates rapid, safe, and complication-free anesthesia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and detail current anesthesiological procedures in ophthalmology.
• To emphasize individualized patient selection for anesthesia.
• To highlight the importance of cooperation between anesthesiologists and ophthalmic surgeons.

Main Methods:

• Detailed description of various anesthesiological procedures applicable to ophthalmic surgery.
• Discussion on the selection criteria for different anesthesia types based on surgical complexity and patient factors.
• Emphasis on analgosedation strategies for outpatient settings.

Main Results:

• Local anesthesia is the predominant method, aligning with surgical advancements and economic demands.
• General anesthesia remains crucial for patients with low compliance or challenging surgical conditions.
• Collaborative approaches enhance patient experience and surgical outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Anesthesia selection in ophthalmology must be individualized, balancing efficacy, safety, and patient comfort.
• Effective anxiolysis, analgesia, and akinesia are key goals for optimal surgical results.
• Close interdisciplinary collaboration is vital for successful ophthalmic anesthesia management.