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Related Concept Videos

Insomnia01:27

Insomnia

249
Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and waking up too early without being able to return to sleep. People with insomnia often experience these disruptions at least three nights a week for at least one month. Chronic insomnia, which lasts for at least three months, can lead to increased anxiety, which in turn can worsen sleep difficulties, creating a cycle of sleeplessness and stress.
Multiple factors contribute...
249
Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

382
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
382
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation01:13

Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation

550
Insufficient sleep refers to not getting the recommended amount of sleep for optimal functioning, even if it's just slightly less than needed. Sleep insufficiency may occur due to lifestyle choices, such as staying up late for social events or work, resulting in routinely getting less sleep than required. For example, consistently sleeping 6 hours when the body needs 7-9 hours can lead to cumulative effects on health and well-being.
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
550
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

2.3K
Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
2.3K
Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

292
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
292
Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking01:17

Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking

472
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
472

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Updated: Nov 14, 2025

Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia
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Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness and Safety of Shugan Jieyu Capsules for the Treatment of Insomnia

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Insomnia.

Eliza L Sutton1

  • 1University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.

Annals of Internal Medicine
|March 8, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Insomnia, difficulty sleeping, is a common issue that can be acute or chronic. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is the preferred treatment, though medications are also frequently used.

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Area of Science:

  • Sleep Medicine
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Insomnia, characterized by difficulty sleeping, is a prevalent condition with acute, intermittent, or chronic presentations.
  • It frequently co-occurs with mental and physical health conditions and can be a symptom of other sleep disorders.
  • Accurate assessment, primarily through patient history, is crucial to identify underlying causes of insomnia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and highlight the significance of insomnia disorder as a specific diagnostic term.
  • To review the current landscape of insomnia assessment and treatment approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of existing research on insomnia.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and treatment guidelines for insomnia disorder.

Main Results:

  • Insomnia disorder is the specific diagnostic term for insomnia requiring focused attention.
  • Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is recognized as the leading treatment due to its proven efficacy, safety, and lasting benefits.
  • Pharmaceutical treatments remain widely utilized for managing insomnia symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is the gold standard treatment for insomnia disorder.
  • While pharmaceutical options are common, they should be considered alongside or after evidence-based behavioral interventions.
  • Further research may explore optimizing the integration of various treatment modalities for insomnia.