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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

472
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
472
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

826
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
826
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

311
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
311
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

586
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
586
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

265
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
265
Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

316
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
316

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Zoonotic Tuberculosis - The Changing Landscape.

Richard Kock1, Anita L Michel2, Dorothy Yeboah-Manu3

  • 1Pathobiology and Population Sciences Department, Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield, AL9 7TA, UK.

International Journal of Infectious Diseases : IJID : Official Publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases
|March 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Zoonotic tuberculosis (zTB) is an underrecognized global threat, particularly where cattle and people interact closely. Increased dairy production and new mycobacterial strains necessitate urgent assessment and intervention for zTB control.

Keywords:
Bovine TBM orygisMycobacterium bovisZoonotic TBzooanthroponosis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Zoonotic tuberculosis (zTB) is a significant global health issue, often overlooked despite slow reductions in active human cases.
  • High incidence occurs in regions with close human-cattle proximity, poverty, and unpasteurized dairy consumption, primarily due to Mycobacterium bovis.
  • Emerging zoonotic mycobacterial strains, like M. orygis, in South Asia and Africa require immediate attention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the underestimated global burden of zoonotic tuberculosis (zTB).
  • To emphasize the impact of increasing dairy production and consumption on zTB incidence.
  • To call for urgent assessment of novel zoonotic mycobacterial strains and development of targeted interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on zTB prevalence, drivers, and risk factors.
  • Analysis of the role of dairy production and consumption patterns in zTB transmission.
  • Examination of control strategies for Mycobacterium bovis in cattle and emerging strains.

Main Results:

  • Zoonotic TB incidence is linked to human-cattle proximity, poverty, and unpasteurized dairy consumption.
  • Global dairy production growth and demand in low-income countries may increase zTB.
  • New zoonotic mycobacterial strains (e.g., M. orygis) are emerging, necessitating prevalence assessment.

Conclusions:

  • Urgent assessment of emerging zoonotic mycobacterial strains and their drivers is critical for intervention development.
  • Control of M. bovis in cattle via "detect and cull" policies and animal vaccination are key strategies.
  • New diagnostics for animal and human infections, alongside addressing reverse zoonosis, are vital for comprehensive zTB management.