Technoscience and Biodiversity Conservation

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Conservation Biology
• Genetics

Background:

• CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology enables targeted DNA modification.
• Genome editing, including gene drive, has potential applications in agriculture, public health, and conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the conflicting views and developments surrounding CRISPR-based genome editing in biodiversity conservation.
• To highlight ethical considerations, conflicts of interest, and public engagement challenges associated with gene drive technology.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 and gene drive technology.
• Analysis of viewpoints from biodiversity conservation stakeholders.

Main Results:

• Conflicting opinions exist regarding the use of gene drive for conservation, ranging from moratoriums to deployment for invasive species eradication.
• Concerns include financial interests, lobbying, risks, uncertainties, public engagement, and ethical/philosophical questions.

Conclusions:

• The use of gene drive in conservation presents significant ethical challenges and necessitates careful consideration of public perception and scientific communication.
• Further dialogue is required to address the complex relationship between novel biotechnologies and the natural world.