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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology enables targeted DNA modification.
  • Genome editing, including gene drive, has potential applications in agriculture, public health, and conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the conflicting views and developments surrounding CRISPR-based genome editing in biodiversity conservation.
  • To highlight ethical considerations, conflicts of interest, and public engagement challenges associated with gene drive technology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent developments in CRISPR/Cas9 and gene drive technology.
  • Analysis of viewpoints from biodiversity conservation stakeholders.

Main Results:

  • Conflicting opinions exist regarding the use of gene drive for conservation, ranging from moratoriums to deployment for invasive species eradication.
  • Concerns include financial interests, lobbying, risks, uncertainties, public engagement, and ethical/philosophical questions.

Conclusions:

  • The use of gene drive in conservation presents significant ethical challenges and necessitates careful consideration of public perception and scientific communication.
  • Further dialogue is required to address the complex relationship between novel biotechnologies and the natural world.