Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

1.4K
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
1.4K
Eyewitness Memory01:22

Eyewitness Memory

278
Eyewitness memory refers to the recollection of events by someone who has directly witnessed them, often serving as critical evidence in legal settings. This type of memory is commonly used in criminal cases where a witness describes details like a suspect's appearance, clothing, or behavior during a crime. However, despite its perceived reliability, eyewitness memory is prone to significant errors.
One such error is memory distortion, which occurs because human memory does not function...
278
Actor-Observer Effect01:23

Actor-Observer Effect

106
The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in...
106
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

4.1K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
4.1K
Motivational Bias01:25

Motivational Bias

190
Cognitive bias results from limitations in thinking and information processing, leading to systematic errors in judgment. Conversely, motivational bias stems from personal desires or emotions, causing distortions in perception to align with self-interest. Motivational bias influences how individuals perceive and attribute causes to events, often shaped by personal needs, goals, and self-esteem preservation. This bias can distort judgment, leading to inaccurate assessments of success, failure,...
190
Correspondence Bias01:17

Correspondence Bias

76
Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the...
76

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Post-Translational Modification as an Allosteric Switch in Hsp90: How Dual Phosphorylation Locks Chaperone Complexes into Hyperstabilized States.

The journal of physical chemistry letters·2026
Same author

An isotype-specific phosphorylation of Hsp90 rewires co-chaperone regulations.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same author

Gamified Digital Solutions for Tinnitus Health Literacy: The Erasmus+ Project TinWise.

Healthcare technology letters·2026
Same author

Adaptive Disorder as the Hallmark of Nanobodies Antigen-Binding Loops.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026
Same author

Chirality Transfer, Memory and Sensing Activated by a Supramolecular Chiral Auxiliary Approach in Nanostructured, Tautomerically Prochiral Triptycene-Fused Benzimidazoles.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Hijacking client instability to selectively disrupt HSP90-driven glucocorticoid receptor activation.

Pharmacological research·2026
Same journal

How does optical blur affect audiovisual speech perception and emotion perception?

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Is there a cost in forming statistical summary representations at multiple spatial scales?

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Low prevalence targets are primarily missed due to mind wandering.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

An introduction to the special issue celebrating Mary A. Peterson.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Properties of the threshold stimulus exposure duration (TSED) measure of visual search efficiency.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same journal

Auditory selective attention in depth: Investigating directional dependency across front, lateral, and rear spaces.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 12, 2025

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.1K

Perspective taking and systematic biases in object location memory.

Vladislava Segen1,2, Giorgio Colombo3, Marios Avraamides4,5

  • 1Ageing and Dementia Research Centre, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK. vladislava.segen@gmail.com.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|March 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new task to quickly assess spatial memory. A unique "reversed congruency effect" was found, where people struggle more when camera and object move together, impacting spatial memory precision.

Keywords:
3D perception: Space PerceptionSpatial cognitionSpatial memory

More Related Videos

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

4.6K
A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

4.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 12, 2025

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition
05:15

The Spatial Memory Game: Testing the Relationship Between Spatial Language, Object Knowledge, and Spatial Cognition

Published on: February 19, 2018

11.1K
Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues
08:04

Measuring Sensitivity to Viewpoint Change with and without Stereoscopic Cues

Published on: December 4, 2013

4.6K
A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats
09:28

A Within-Subject Experimental Design using an Object Location Task in Rats

Published on: May 6, 2021

4.8K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Accurate spatial memory is crucial for navigation and daily tasks.
  • Assessing spatial memory precision typically requires complex setups and extensive training.
  • Novel methods are needed for efficient and accessible spatial memory evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, low-requirement task for assessing spatial memory precision.
  • To investigate a systematic bias in spatial judgments termed the 'reversed congruency effect'.
  • To explore factors influencing this effect, including perspective shifts and environmental context.

Main Methods:

  • Participants memorized object positions in a virtual room.
  • Judgments were made about object movement (left/right) from a new perspective.
  • Experiments manipulated camera/object movement, perspective shifts, and environmental complexity.
  • Performance was compared between congruent and incongruent trial types.

Main Results:

  • A 'reversed congruency effect' was observed: performance worsened when camera and object moved in the same direction.
  • Near-perfect accuracy was achieved in incongruent trials, irrespective of displacement distance.
  • The effect is linked to perspective shifts and object movement in 3D space, not 2D screen movement.
  • Environmental complexity (additional objects) diminished the reversed congruency effect.
  • Older adults exhibited a stronger reversed congruency effect, indicating age-related spatial memory decline.

Conclusions:

  • The reversed congruency effect highlights challenges in precise spatial encoding and perspective-taking.
  • The novel task effectively assesses spatial memory precision with minimal resources.
  • Findings suggest age-related difficulties in updating object locations with changing viewpoints.
  • Understanding this effect can inform the design of more intuitive virtual environments and cognitive assessments.