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Pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis: about 24 cases
Donia Chebbi1, Sameh Marzouk1, Mouna Snoussi1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.
Summary
Pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis is rare, with this study highlighting its diverse systemic manifestations in a Tunisian population. This form presented fewer lymphadenopathies and less frequent corticosteroid use compared to intra-thoracic sarcoidosis.
Area of Science:
- Internal Medicine
- Rheumatology
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis is an uncommon clinical presentation.
- Limited literature characterizes the features of sarcoidosis without intrathoracic involvement.
- Understanding extra-thoracic sarcoidosis is crucial for comprehensive patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the clinical features of pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis.
- To compare these features with sarcoidosis involving the thorax.
- To identify associations between clinical manifestations in extra-thoracic sarcoidosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective, descriptive, and comparative study.
- Involved 24 patients with pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis over 21 years (1996-2016).
- Data collected from the Department of Internal Medicine, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.
Main Results:
- Pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis constituted 30% of systemic cases, with female predominance (79%) and mean age of 50.
- Common manifestations included polyadenopathies (41.7%), cutaneous involvement (41.6%), and inflammatory polyarthralgia (33.3%).
- Compared to intra-thoracic sarcoidosis, pure extra-thoracic form showed less lymphadenopathy (p=0.001) and lower corticosteroid use (p=0.044).
Conclusions:
- The study highlights the frequency of the pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis form in this population.
- Diverse systemic manifestations characterize pure extra-thoracic sarcoidosis.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the pathophysiology and optimal treatment of this rare sarcoidosis variant.
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