Imaging three-dimensional single-atom arrays all at once.

Area of Science:

• Optics and Photonics
• Microscopy
• Holographic Imaging

Background:

• Simultaneous imaging of 3D distributions of point sources is challenging.
• Existing methods often lack efficiency and real-time capabilities for dynamic particle tracking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel method for simultaneous 3D imaging of point sources.
• To demonstrate the efficiency and time-effectiveness of holographic imaging for dynamic particle analysis.

Main Methods:

• Utilizing a two-lens microscope with a quasi-image plane.
• Employing a set of Fresnel lenslets for individual wave-front shaping.
• Experimenting with single atoms and holographically programmed lenslets.

Main Results:

• Achieved spatially distinct point-spreads on the quasi-image plane.
• Successfully refocused various 3D arrangements of point sources, including axially aligned atoms.
• Demonstrated simultaneous and time-efficient 3D holographic imaging.

Conclusions:

• The developed method enables non-sequential real-time measurements of 3D point sources.
• This technique is particularly useful for quantum correlation measurements and in situ tracking of dynamic particles.
• Offers a significant advancement in 3D imaging for scientific applications.