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Biomechanical Changes Related to Low Back Pain: An Innovative Tool for Movement Pattern Assessment and Treatment Evaluation in Rehabilitation
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Low Back Pain in Adolescent and Geriatric Populations.

David G Borenstein1, Federico Balagué2

  • 1Department of Medicine, The George Washington University Medical Center, Arthritis and Rheumatism Associates, 2021 K Street, Northwest Suite 300, Washington, DC 20006, USA.

Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America
|March 30, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Spinal pain, especially chronic low back pain in adolescents, often lacks a specific diagnosis and may involve psychological factors. While imaging can detect nerve compression, surgical benefits for spinal stenosis may not surpass medical therapy.

Keywords:
AdolescentGeriatricLow back painScoliosisSpinal stenosis

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Pain Medicine
  • Adolescent Health

Background:

  • Spinal pain is a prevalent musculoskeletal issue, with chronic low back pain presenting complex nociceptive, neuropathic, and central components.
  • Children and adolescents are increasingly susceptible to spinal pain, often without identifiable diagnoses, highlighting the role of psychological factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted nature of spinal pain, particularly in adolescents.
  • To discuss diagnostic approaches and treatment considerations for spinal pain, including lumbar spinal stenosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of spinal pain epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment modalities.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic imaging, specifically magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for nerve compression detection.
  • Comparative analysis of surgical versus medical therapy for conditions like lumbar spinal stenosis.

Main Results:

  • Adolescent low back pain frequently lacks a specific diagnosis, with psychological factors contributing significantly.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is identified as the optimal radiographic technique for diagnosing nerve compression.
  • Surgical decompression for spinal stenosis may offer short-term relief but shows comparable long-term efficacy to medical therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent spinal pain is a complex condition influenced by various factors, necessitating a comprehensive approach.
  • Accurate diagnosis through advanced imaging like MRI is crucial for effective management.
  • Treatment decisions for spinal stenosis should weigh the potential benefits and limitations of surgical versus non-surgical interventions.