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Quantum Interference in Jet Substructure from Spinning Gluons.

Hao Chen1, Ian Moult2, Hua Xing Zhu1

  • 1Zhejiang Institute of Modern Physics, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Physical Review Letters
|April 2, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We reveal a quantum interference effect in high-energy particle jets, akin to a double-slit experiment. This discovery probes the quantum nature of jet substructure and transverse spin physics in quantum chromodynamics (QCD).

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Area of Science:

  • High-energy particle physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)
  • Collider physics

Background:

  • Jets are sprays of hadrons emerging from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) interactions in collider experiments.
  • Jet internal structure provides insights into quark and gluon interactions and hadron confinement.
  • Energy flow within jets is analyzed using correlation functions; the three-point correlator reveals nontrivial shape dependence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To study the three-point energy correlator in QCD to all orders in the strong coupling constant.
  • To investigate the quantum interference effects within the substructure of jets.
  • To establish the operator product expansion (OPE) for light-ray operators as a tool for jet substructure analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of the three-point energy correlator in the limit of squeezed detectors.
  • Investigation of the angular dependence (cos(2ϕ)) of the correlator.
  • Application and development of the operator product expansion (OPE) for light-ray operators in QCD.

Main Results:

  • A cos(2ϕ) dependence is imprinted on the detector due to quantum interference between virtual gluons of opposite helicity.
  • This dependence acts as a direct probe of the quantum nature of jet substructure.
  • The light-ray OPE is successfully applied to real-world QCD, demonstrating its utility for jet substructure studies.

Conclusions:

  • The study demonstrates a quantum interference phenomenon in jets, analogous to a double-slit experiment.
  • This provides a novel method to probe transverse spin physics in QCD.
  • The light-ray OPE is validated as a powerful theoretical tool for analyzing jet substructure in QCD.