High-Quality Thin Films of UiO-66-NH₂ by Coordination Modulated Layer-by-Layer Liquid Phase Epitaxy

We report the fabrication of macroscopically and microscopically homogeneous, crack-free metal-organic framework (MOF) UiO-66-NH₂ (UiO: Universitetet i Oslo; [Zr₆ O₄ (OH)₄ (bdc-NH₂ )₆ ]; bdc-NH₂ ^2- : 2-amino-1,4-benzene dicarboxylate) thin films on silicon oxide surfaces. A DMF-free, low-temperature coordination modulated (CM), layer-by-layer liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) using the controlled secondary building block approach (CSA). Efficient substrate activation was determined as a key factor to obtain dense and smooth coatings by comparing UiO-66-NH₂ thin films grown on ozone and piranha acid-activated substrates. Films of 2.60 μm thickness with a minimal surface roughness of 2 nm and a high sorption capacity of 3.53 mmol g^-1 MeOH (at 25 °C) were typically obtained in an 80-cycle experiment at mild conditions (70 °C, ambient pressure).