Preparing Workplaces for Digital Transformation: An Integrative Review and Framework of Multi-Level Factors

Area of Science:

• Organizational Behavior
• Information Systems
• Human Resource Management

Background:

• Rapid advancements in digital technologies (AI, IoT, automation) are transforming work, necessitating business model updates and new employee skill sets.
• The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated digitalization, emphasizing employee resilience and well-being amidst job and technological disruption.
• Existing digital transformation research often overlooks employee-centric factors, creating a gap in understanding holistic organizational change.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and consolidate key multi-level factors crucial for successful organizational digital transformation.
• To address the gap in research by integrating employee-related factors into digital transformation strategies.
• To propose a comprehensive framework for understanding and implementing digital transformation across individual, group, and organizational levels.

Main Methods:

• Conducted a comprehensive review of studies across multiple disciplines related to digital transformation.
• Integrated findings into a multi-level framework encompassing individual, group, and organizational factors.
• Synthesized research to identify critical success factors for digital transformation initiatives.

Main Results:

• Individual level: Technology adoption, perceptions, skills/training, resilience, and well-being are key.
• Group level: Team communication, collaboration, relationships, identification, and adaptability are essential.
• Organizational level: Leadership, human resources, and organizational culture/climate significantly impact transformation success.

Conclusions:

• Digital transformation success hinges on a multi-level approach, addressing factors at individual, team, and organizational levels.
• The proposed framework provides a roadmap for both future research and practical implementation of digital transformation strategies.
• Integrating employee-centric factors is vital for navigating technological disruption and ensuring organizational competitiveness.