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What Is the State-of-the-Art in Clinical Trials on Vaccine Hesitancy 2015-2020?
1Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias-Escola de Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde, Campo Grande 376, 1740-024 Lisboa, Portugal.
Background:
Vaccine hesitancy is related to a delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccination.
Aim:
to perform a systematic review of clinical trials on vaccine hesitancy (2015-2020).
Methods:
a systematic review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria (PRISMA). Five databases were screened-PubMed, Cochrane Library, DOAJ, SciELO and b-on-which comprise multiple resources.
Keywords:
"Vaccine hesitancy" and ("randomized controlled trial" or "clinical trial").
Inclusion Criteria:
trials about "vaccine hesitancy" enrolling patients and/or health professionals (2015-2020).
Exclusion Criteria:
studies about other topics, repeated and qualitative studies, reviews and papers written in languages other than English, Portuguese, French or Spanish.
Results:
a total of 35 trials out of 90 were selected (19 PubMed, 14 Cochrane Library, 0 DOAJ, 0 SciELO and 2 b-on). Selected trials were classified into five topics: children/pediatric (n = 5); online or electronic information (n = 5); vaccination against a specific disease (n = 15) (e.g., influenza or COVID-2019); miscellaneous (n = 4); and educational strategies (n = 6).
Conclusion:
the provision of online or electronic information (e.g., through virtual reality, social websites of experts, or apps), communication-based interventions and training of health professionals, residents or subjects seemed to improve vaccine hesitancy.
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