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Spot Tracking and TDC Sharing in SPAD Arrays for TOF LiDAR.

Vincenzo Sesta1, Fabio Severini1, Federica Villa1

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Summary

This study introduces a new architecture for Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) arrays in LiDAR rangefinders. It enhances object position identification in bright light for industrial applications.

Keywords:
Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar)Region of Interest (ROI)Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD)Time-of-Flight (TOF) measurementsTime-to-Digital Converter (TDC)

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Sensor Technology
  • Optical Engineering
  • Robotics and Automation

Background:

  • Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) is crucial for automated systems interacting with their environment.
  • Existing LiDAR systems face challenges with strong ambient background illumination, affecting accuracy.
  • Single Photon Avalanche Diode (SPAD) arrays are key components in advanced ranging devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel SPAD array architecture for handheld LiDAR rangefinders.
  • To improve object position identification in industrial settings with high background light.
  • To achieve precise distance measurements (1m range, centimeter accuracy).

Main Methods:

  • Monte Carlo simulations were employed to validate the proposed architecture.
  • A novel architecture was designed for identifying laser-illuminated pixels within SPAD arrays.
  • Adaptive laser spot tracking and smart timing electronics sharing were implemented.

Main Results:

  • The proposed architecture effectively identifies laser-illuminated pixels amidst strong background light.
  • Adaptive tracking and smart electronics sharing significantly improve distance measurement accuracy.
  • Simulations demonstrated the robustness of the approach for industrial SPAD arrays.

Conclusions:

  • The novel SPAD array architecture offers a robust solution for LiDAR rangefinders in high-background illumination.
  • This advancement is critical for industrial applications requiring precise object detection.
  • The developed system enhances the accuracy and reliability of distance measurements.