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Updated: Nov 7, 2025

Prostaglandin Extraction and Analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans
Published on: June 25, 2013
Pathophysiological role of prostaglandin E synthases in liver diseases
Delong Xu1, Jie Cai1, Zhi-Kang Wan1
1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221004, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Prostaglandin E synthases (PGESs) convert cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) into prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and comprise at least three types of structurally and biologically distinct enzymes. Two of these, namely microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) and mPGES-2, are membrane-bound enzymes. mPGES-1 is an inflammation-inducible enzyme that converts PGH2 into PGE2. mPGES-2 is a bifunctional enzyme that generally forms a complex with haem in the presence of glutathione. This enzyme can metabolise PGH2 into malondialdehyde and can produce PGE2 after its separation from haem. In this review, we discuss the role of PGESs, particularly mPGES-1 and mPGES-2, in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. A better understanding of the roles of PGESs in liver disease may aid in the development of treatments for patients with liver diseases.
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